Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Social Consensus
( Pp. 13-28)

This article presents, understands, analyzes and classifies the main theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of the phenomenon of social consensus in the history of philosophical, social and political thought. Using a comparative approach, extrapolation and content analysis, the authors reveal the conceptual principles of social consent, consider it through the categories of inequality and hierarchy, identify the grounds for an optimistic view of social consensus, establish the key factors of lability (instability) of social consent from the point of view of the psychology of mass behavior, comprehend a skeptical approach to the perception of social consensus, study public consent through the prism of formal and informal norms, dissect public consent in terms of political culture and the legitimacy of power. The definition of public consensus is formulated as a situation in which individuals, institutions and subjects of public authority have certain common points of contact, which become the basis of political integration and cooperation. At the end of the material, a conclusion is made about the relative importance of public consensus, depending on the specific type of political culture and the ideological and theoretical direction of political, social and philosophical science.

Filippov A.R., Novikov O.G. Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Social Consensus. Sociopolitical Sciences. 2023. Vol. 13. No. 5. Pр. 13–28. (In Rus.) DOI: 10.33693/2223-0092-2023-13-5-13-28. EDN: XXUJSY

Almond G., Verba S. Civil culture: political attitudes and democracy in five countries. Moscow: Mysl, 2014. 500 p.
Asmus V.F. History of ancient philosophy. Moscow: Higher School, 1965. 320 p.
Bell D. The Coming Post-Industrial Society. Experience in social forecasting. Moscow: Academia, 2004. 788 p.
Benedict R. Chrysanthemum and sword: Models of Japanese culture. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2016. 360 p.
Berlin I. Philosophy of freedom. Europe. Moscow: New Literary Review, 2014. 448 p.
Weber M. Politics as a calling and profession. Moscow: RIPOL Classic, 2021. 292 p.
Voevodina N.A., Danilova I.A., Nurieva R.N. Sociology and psychology of management. Moscow: Omega-L, 2010. 198 p.
Vorobyova K.V. Atomism, “Summa Theologija” and B. Libet’s experiments: Contradictions in solutions to the problem of the subject’s free will. Bulletin of Perm University. Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology. 2023. No. 1. Pp. 28–39. (In Rus.)
Hobbes T. Leviathan. Moscow: RIPOL Classic, 2016. 672 p.
Gobineau J.A. Experience on the inequality of human races. Moscow: Odyssey; OLMA-PRESS, 2000. 765 p.
Golbach P.A. Selected works in two volumes. Vol. 2. Moscow: Publishing House of Socio-Economic Literature, 1963. 563 p.
Grotius G. On the law of war and peace. Moscow: Ladomir, 1994. 868 p.
Dahl R.A. Polyarchy: Participation and opposition. Moscow: Publishing House of the HSE, 2010. 288 p.
Duguit L. Constitutional law. General theory of the state. Moscow: Printing House of the Sytin Partnership, 1908. 957 p.
Zubov V.V. The German doctrine of “Realpolitik” through the prism of modern world politics. Humanities. Bulletin of the Financial University. 2021. No. 12 (1). Pp. 100–107. (In Rus.)
von Ihering R. Fight for the right. Moscow: Printing House of Grachev and K, at the Prechistenskiye Gates, D. Shilova, 1874. 80 p.
Kelsen H. Pure doctrine of law. St. Petersburg: LLC Publishing House “Alef-Press”, 2014. 542 p.
Kitagawa J.M. Religion in the history of Japan. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2005. 588 p.
Classical French liberalism: Collection. Moscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN), 2000. 592 p.
Kubeddu R. Liberalism, totalitarianism and democracy. Political philosophy of the Austrian school. Moscow-Chelyabinsk: Sotsium, 2014. 406 p.
Lebon G. Psychology of peoples and masses. Chelyabinsk: Sotsium, 2016. 379 p.
Lenin V.I. Selected works. In three volumes. Vol. 2. Moscow: Publishing House of Political Literature. 826 p.
Locke J. Works in three volumes. Vol. 3. Moscow: Mysl, 1988. 668 p.
Machiavelli N. The sovereign. Moscow: RIPOL Classic, 2016. 464 p.
Marx K., Engels F. Principles of communism. Manifesto of the Communist Party. Moscow: ITRK Publishing House, 2009. 68 p.
de Maistre J. Four unpublished chapters about Russia. Letters to a Russian nobleman about the Spanish Inquisition. St. Petersburg: Vladimir Dal Publishing House, 2007. 300 p.
von Mises L. Omnipotent government: Total state and total war. Moscow: Chelyabinsk: Sotsium, 2013. 458 p.
Mises L. von. Liberalism. Moscow-Chelyabinsk: Sotsium, 2014. 299 p.
Mill J. S. About freedom. St. Petersburg: V.I. Gubinsky, 1906. 237 p.
Mironov V.V., Ivanov A.V. Philosophy: Epistemology and axiology. Moscow: INFRA-M, 2022. 335 p.
Mikhailionok O.M. The phenomenon of consensus in political science and political practice: Monograph. Moscow: Institute of Sociology RAS, 2016. 176 p.
Michels R. Sociology of a political party in modern democracy: A study of oligarchic tendencies in joint life activities. Moscow: Publishing House “Delo” RANEPA, 2022. 448 p.
Mukhaev R.T. Political science. Moscow: Prospekt, 2015. 640 p.
Nietzsche F. About power. Moscow: AST Publishing House, 2018. 432 p.
Novikov O.G., Mamayeva Yu.A. Political management. Moscow: KNORUS, 2023. 236 p.
Nozick R. Anarchy, state and utopia. Moscow: IRISEN; Socium, 2016. 424 p.
Oizerman T.I. The emergence of Marxism. Moscow: “Canon+” ROOI “Rehabilitation”, 2011. 599 p.
Plato. State. Moscow: Academic Project, 2015. 398 p.
Pletnikov Yu.K. Materialistic understanding of history and problems of the theory of socialism. Moscow: Alfa-M, 2008. 368 p.
Political Science. O.V. Gaman-Golutvina (ed.). Moscow: Aspect-Press, 2018. 752 p.
Rousseau J.-J. Political writings. St. Petersburg: Rostock, 2013. 640 p.
Popper K.R. Objective knowledge. Evolutionary approach. Moscow: Editorial URSS, 2002. 384 p.
Svendsen L. Philosophy of freedom. Moscow: Progress-Tradition, 2016. 264 p.
Sedykh N.N. The limits of power in the concept of the “sovereign” of Thomas Hobbes. Education and Law. 2019. No. 4. Pp. 239–243. (In Rus.)
Spinoza B. Selected Works. In 2 vols. Vol. 2. Moscow: State Publishing House of Political Literature, 1957. 728 p.
Filippov A.R. Axiomatic method of understanding the nature of human rights. Gaps in Russian Legislation. 2017. No. 3. Pp. 318–322. (In Rus.)
Filippov A.R. Religious policy of Japan in the 15th-17th centuries. in the context of centralization of power and the emergence of realistic authoritarianism. Socio-political Sciences. 2023. Vol. 13. No. 2. Pp. 37–43. (In Rus.)
Fukuyama F. State order. Moscow: AST, 2015. 688 p.
Fukuyama F. The end of history and the last man. Moscow: AST, 2015. 576 p.
Hayek F.A. Individualism and economic order. Chelyabinsk: Sotsium, 2011. 394 p.
Huntington S. Clash of civilizations. Moscow: AST, 2015. 571 p.
Shershenevich G.F. General theory of law. Moscow: Publishing House Br. Bashmakov, 1910. 806 p.
Schumpeter J.A. Theory of economic development. Capitalism, socialism and democracy. Moscow: Eksmo, 2008. 864 p.
Schmitt K. The concept of the political. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2016. 568 p.
Evola G. People and ruins. Moscow: Ravager, 2019. 296 p.
Evola G. Political treatises. Moscow: Ravager, 2020. 388 p.
Engels F. Origin of the family, private property and state. Moscow: Politizdat, 1970. 240 p.
Austin J. Lectures on jurisprudence, or philosophy of positive law. L.: John Murray, 1880. 504 p.
Bentley A.F. The process of government. A study of social pressures. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1908. 502 p.
Lijphart A. Democracy in plural societies. A comparative exploration. New Haven – L.: Yale University Press, 1977. 248 p.
Morgenthau G.J. Politics among nations. The struggle for power and peace. NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 1948. 509 p.
Mosca G. The rulling class. NY-L.: McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc., 1939. 573 p.
Nye J. Soft power: The means to success in world politics. NY: Public Affairs, 2004. 191 p.
O’Donnell G. Delegative democracy. Journal of Democracy. 1994. Vol. 5. No. 1. Pp. 55–69.
O’Donnell G.A., Schmitter P.C. Transitions from the authoritarian rule. Tentative conclusions about uncertain democracies. Baltimore – L.: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986. 81 p.
Pareto V. Sociological writings. L.: Pall Mall Press, 1966. 335 p.

public consensus, power, coercion, political elites, interest groups, conflicts, social norms, law, political culture, legitimacy, inequality, social contract.