Arctic Vector of German Foreign Policy
( Pp. 76-82)
More about authors
Kabushka Anastasia Yu.
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation Bogdanova Nadezhda V.
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
St. Petersburg, Russian Federation Bogdanova Nadezhda V.
Abstract:
Research Objective. The Arctic is a unique region of our planet, one that affects not only the climate, ocean currents, and weather but also geopolitics and the economy. Various international actors vie for influence in the Arctic region, seeking to maintain a balance through international agreements and intergovernmental cooperation. This article provides a brief overview of the Arctic region. It observes the interests of Arctic states and Arctic Council Observers. The main focus is on Germany’s Arctic policy as an Arctic Council Observer. The article gives a brief historical overview of Germany’s Arctic policy. The transformation of Germany’s position regarding the Arctic, as well as the formulation of a national Arctic strategy, is revealed through an examination of inter-party discussions in the German government. The article investigates Germany’s current Arctic policy and an overall German strategy in the Arctic region. Additionally, the ecological and scientific research strategies of Germany in the Arctic region are detailed. Furthermore, the article explores Germany’s national interests in the Arctic region. The methodological basis of the article is formed by the studies of Russian and foreign researchers. The paper uses general scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, classification, comparison). Empirical data used in the work are taken from open sources. Conclusions. The described tendencies and contradictions of German and international policy towards the Arctic indicate still unformed ways and instruments to ensure a coherent policy in the Arctic region. Further research and the development of an international Arctic strategy that can satisfy national interests and meet the individual priorities of each state interested in the Arctic is needed.
How to Cite:
Kabushka A.Yu., Bogdanova N.V. Arctic Vector of German Foreign Policy. Sociopolitical Sciences. 2024. Vol. 14. No. 1. Pp. 76–82. (In Rus.) DOI: 10.33693/2223-0092-2024-14-1-76-82. EDN: CLAKJB
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Belozerov V.K., Kirilina E.Yu. Priorities of environmental policy of the Federal Republic of Germany in modern conditions. Russian Political Science. 2017. No. 3 (4). (In Rus.). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/prioritety-ekologicheskoy-politiki-federativnoy-respubliki-germaniya-v-sovremennyh-usloviyah (data of accesses: 10.09.2023).
Zhuravel V.P. Arctic council: Main milestones of development (to the 25th anniversary of formation). AiS. 2022. No. 46. (In Rus.) URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/arkticheskiy-sovet-osnovnye-vehi-razvitiya-k-25-letiyu-obrazovaniya (data of accesses: 10.09.2023).
Kaledin N.V., Dmitriev V.V., Troyan V.N. et al. Russian-German scientific and educational cooperation in the Arctic. Balt. reg. 2011. No. 1. (In Rus.). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/rossiysko-germanskoe-nauchnoe-i-obrazovatelnoe-sotrudnichestvo-v-arktike (data of accesses: 10.09.2023).
Karapetyants I.V. International cooperation and national strategies for the development of transport in the Arctic. Observer – Observer. 2019. No. 3 (350). Pp. 78–95. (In Rus.). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/mezhdunarodnoe-sotrudnichestvo-i-natsionalnye-strategii-razvitiya-transporta-v-arktike (data of accesses: 10.09.2023).
Konyshev V.N., Sergunin A.A., Subbotin S.V. Military strategy of Canada in the Arctic. POLITEX. 2015. No. 2. (In Rus.) URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/voennaya-strategiya-kanady-v-arktike (data of accesses: 10.09.2023).
Kotov A.V. The Arctic vector of German foreign policy. Scientific-analytical Bulletin of the Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2021. No. 2. (In Rus.). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/arkticheskiy-vektor-vneshney-politiki-germanii (data of accesses: 10.09.2023).
Todorov A.A. Interests of Switzerland in the Arctic. Russian Arctic. 2018. No. 1. (In Rus.). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/interesy-shveytsarii-v-arktike (data of accesses: 10.09.2023).
Heininen L. Arctic geopolitics from classical to critical approach – importance of immaterial factors. Geography, Environment, Sustainability. 2018. No. 11 (1). Pp. 171–186. DOI: 10.24057/2071-9388-2018-11-1-171-186
Khare N., Khare R. The Arctic. Elsevier, 2021. Pp. 139–149. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823735-9.06002-1 (дата обращения: 30.01.2024).
Luedtke B. A nation on ice: Germany and the Arctic, 1865–1875. The Polar Journal. 2013. Vol. 3. No. 2. P. 360.
Mokhorov D., Kerefova B., Spirin G., Kobicheva A. Organization and legal framework for using the Arctic space. In: IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 2020. No. 539 (1). P. 12008. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/539/1/012008.
Pelaudeix C., Rodon T. The European Union Arctic policy and national interests of France and Germany: Internal and external policy coherence at stake? The Northern Review. 2014. No. 37. P. 60. URL: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01974499 (data of accesses: 25.10.2023).
Wasum-Rainer S., Winkelmann I., Tiroch K. (eds.). Arctic science, international law and climate change. Beiträge zum ausländischen öffentlichen Recht und Völkerrecht. 2012. P. 2. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-24203-8.
Zemp M. Global glacier mass changes and their contributions to sea-level rise from 1961 to 2016. Nature. 2019. No. 568. P. 382. URL: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/200256848.pdf (дата обращения: 25.10.2023).
Keywords:
geopolitics in the Arctic region, strategy of the Arctic observer countries, Arctic Council, Arctic agenda, environmental protection, environmental policy.
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