Momentum as a Bridge Between the Quantum and Classical Worlds: The role of Relaxation Time in the Pulsed Tunneling Effect
( Pp. 296-311)
More about authors
Rakhimov Rustam Kh.
Dr. Sci. (Eng.); Head, Laboratory No. 4, Institute of Materials Science; Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan; Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
Академия наук Республики Узбекистан
г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Академия наук Республики Узбекистан
г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Abstract:
This paper develops the concept of momentum as a universal bridge between the quantum and classical descriptions of physical processes. The governing parameter of the transition between regimes is the ratio of the pulse rise time τr to the characteristic relaxation time of the system τrel (dimensionless parameter α = τr/τrel). At α 1 a non-adiabatic (quantum-coherent) regime is realized; at α 1 the regime is adiabatic (classical). On the basis of the developed concept of the Pulsed Tunneling Effect (PTE) and the photon–phonon–photon conversion mechanism in functional ceramics, it is shown how broadband solar radiation is transformed into coherent pulses with a prescribed rise time. The mechanisms of thermal stabilization in greenhouse systems are examined and the results of composite-film tests are presented. The PTE concept is compared with Keldysh theory and is discussed in the context of current research in non-adiabatic photochemistry and femtosecond spectroscopy.
How to Cite:
Rakhimov R.Kh. Momentum as a bridge between the quantum and classical worlds: The role of relaxation time in the pulsed tunneling effect. Computational Nanotechnology. 13, 2 (2026), 296–311. DOI: 10.33693/2313-223X-2026-13-2-296-311. EDN: XJFJWU
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Rakhimov R.Kh. A possible mechanism of the optical quantum tunneling effect in photocatalysts based on nanostructured functional ceramics. Computational Nanotechnology. 2023. Vol. 10. No. 3. P. 26–34. DOI: 10.33693/2313-223X-2023-10-3-26-34. EDN: QZQMCA.
Rakhimov R.Kh. The pulsed tunnelling effect: Fundamentals and prospects for application. Computational Nanotechnology. 2024. Vol. 11. No. 1. Pp. 193–213. (In Rus.). DOI: 10.33693/2313-223X-2024-11-1-193-213. EDN: EWSBUT.
Rakhimov R.Kh. Composite films: Results of large-scale tests. Computational Nanotechnology. 2025. Vol. 12. No. 2. P. 129–141. DOI: 10.33693/2313-223X-2025-12-2-129-141. EDN: QTAHVQ.
Rakhimov R.Kh., Ermakov V.P. The pulsed tunneling effect. Features interaction with substance. The observer effect. Computational Nanotechnology. 2024. Vol. 11. No. 2. P. 115–144. DOI: 10.33693/2313-223X-2024-11-2-115-144. EDN: MWBRQW.
Rakhimov R.Kh., Ermakov V.P. Prospects of solar energy: the role of modern solar technologies in the production of hydrogen. Computational Nanotechnology. 2023. Vol. 10. No. 3. P. 11–25. (In Rus.). DOI: 10.33693/2313-223X-2023-10-3-11-25. EDN: NQBORL.
Rakhimov R.Kh., Ermakov V.P. Phonon mechanism of conversion in ceramic materials. Computational Nanotechnology. 2017. No. 4. Pp. 21–35. (In Rus.)
Fedorov M.V. L.V. Keldysh’s work “Ionization in the field of a strong electromagnetic wave” and modern physics of interaction of atoms with a strong laser field. JETF. 2016. Vol. 149. No. 3. Pp. 522–529. (In Rus.)
Benz A.O. Flare observations. Living Rev. Solar Phys. 2017. Vol. 14. P. 2. DOI: 10.1007/s41116-016-0004-3.
Bernstein N. et al. Lattice dynamics of nanostructured oxides. Phys. Rev. B. 2009. Vol. 79. P. 144103. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.144103.
Boyd R.W. Nonlinear optics. 4th ed. Academic Press, 2020. 634 p.
Cahill D.G. et al. Nanoscale thermal transport. J. Appl. Phys. 2003. Vol. 93. Pp. 793–818. DOI: 10.1063/1.1524305.
Critten D.L., Bailey B.J. A review of greenhouse engineering developments during the 1990s. Agric. Forest Meteorol. 2002. Vol. 112. Pp. 1–22. DOI: 10.1016/S0168-1923(02)00048-X.
Decker C. Photoinitiated crosslinking polymerization. Prog. Polym. Sci. 1996. Vol. 21. Pp. 593–650. DOI: 10.1016/0079-6700(95)00027-5.
Eliasson B., Hirth M., Kogelschatz U. Ozone synthesis from oxygen in dielectric barrier discharges. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 1987. Vol. 20. Pp. 1421–1437.
Fujishima A., Honda K. Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature. 1972. Vol. 238. Pp. 37–38. DOI: 10.1038/238037a0.
Hashemi Amiri M. Hydrothermal stability of iron oxide-based catalysts: A review. Catal. Today. 2018. Vol. 310. Pp. 8–22.
Hisatomi T., Kubota J., Domen K. Recent advances in semiconductors for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014. Vol. 43. Pp. 7520–7535. DOI: 10.1039/C3CS60378D.
Kudo A., Miseki Y. Heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009. Vol. 38. Pp. 253–278. DOI: 10.1039/B800489G.
Rabitz H. et al. Whither the future of controlling quantum phenomena? Science. 2000. Vol. 288. Pp. 824–828. DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5467.824.
Sension R.J. et al. Ultrafast excited-state dynamics in the green fluorescent protein chromophore. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993. Vol. 115. Pp. 6075–6082.
Shapiro M., Brumer P. Quantum control of molecular processes. 2nd ed. Wiley-VCH, 2012. 562 p.
Sugioka K., Cheng Y. Ultrafast lasers – reliable tools for advanced materials processing. Light: Science & Applications. 2014. Vol. 3. P. e149. DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2014.30.
Wang Q. et al. Scalable water splitting on particulate photocatalyst sheets with a solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency exceeding 1%. Nature Materials. 2016. Vol. 15. Pp. 611–615. DOI: 10.1038/nmat4589.
Zewail A.H. Femtochemistry: Atomic-scale dynamics of the chemical bond. J. Phys. Chem. A. 2000. Vol. 104. No. 24. Pp. 5660–5694. DOI: 10.1021/jp001460h.
Keywords:
momentum, relaxation time, quantum–classical transition, pulsed tunneling effect, pulse rise time, functional ceramics, photocatalysis, non-adiabatic interaction, hydrogen, composite films.
