Myths about opposition of the farmer and the shepherd in Ancient East cultures
( Pp. 65-70)

Purpose. For more than ten years the sphere of scientific interests of the author is worldviews of nomadic peoples of Eurasia. On this subject two monographs and more than fifty scientific papers were published. Studying the ideology of nomads, the author faced with the phenomenon of tough confrontation of sedentary and nomadic farming worldviews. More clearly this ideological conflict is reflected in mythology of the Middle East; interest in this issue was the basis for writing this article. Materials and methods: The methodology is based on communicatively-semiotic approach to cultural phenomena, proved and worked-out by representatives of the Tartu-Moscow school. The main characteristic of this approach is, first, refusal of monocausality, and second, desire to synthesize cognitive tools and techniques of various schools, areas and disciplines. As a part of this approach we can fully realize the principles of consistency and comprehensiveness, as it allows to describe and analyze visual and verbal artifacts in a single system of concepts, which is a prerequisite for their comparison and comparative study. Conclusions. The author concluded that the mythological motives of sin and expulsion of the farmer is a way of distancing from the farmer and grounding the predatory behavior of cattleman towards him. Negative matrix of myth is tool for creating social order. Nomadic cattleman, who behaves as a predator in relation to farmers, killing and robbing them, stores and plays in their ceremonies myth of agriculturists – murderer and sinner. Scope of the study. The study refers to the period of so-called "Neolithic revolution" – in particular, to the transition from foraging farming to producing economy. Despite this, the author has to appeal constantly to later times, up to the present, because of conflict of agricultural and nomadic civilizations has not been overcome yet. Practical importance. Investigation of deep socio-psychological incompatibility and conflict of identity of agricultural and nomadic civilization allows to have a fresh look at the social and cultural problems of our time. Civilizational conflict, we are witnessing, is rooted from mythological archetypes that form the completely opposite picturse of the world of the nomad and farmer. Originality/value. The article can be useful to specialists, whose area of interest includes the problems of development of world civilizations and cultures, as well as issues of forming worldview and mythologems.

Pikalov D.., (2013), MYTHS ABOUT OPPOSITION OF THE FARMER AND THE SHEPHERD IN ANCIENT EAST CULTURES. Sociopolitical Sciences, 4 => 65-70.

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mythological thinking, myth, the conflict of identities.