The evolution of sanctions in the criminal law of Russia of the XVIII - the beginning of the XX cc.: from the principle of uncertainty to the principle of exhaustive regulation
( Pp. 66-71)

Background. The article presents the problem of the evolution of sanctions in the criminal law of Russia of the XVIII - the beginning of the XX cc. The aim of the following investigation is to find the changes and transformations of the principles, which determined the sanctions` structure and stylistics, and finally to extrapolate such principles on the contemporary criminal law. Basic methods of research: Technical, comparative, historical. Results: During the period since the beginning of the XVIII until the 40-s of the XX cc. the sanctions of the criminal law of Russia were determined by the principle of uncertainty in such a way that their literal content did not include any specify rules how exactly was punishable a given crime. Since the 40-s of the XIX c. the principle of certainty (exhaustive regulation) started being approved. Its origin connected with the process of consolidation and enactment of the Code of the criminal and corrective punishments of 1845, it`s further entrenchment - with the followed legislative acts. There were main factors affected the researched principles: the level of legal engineering and refined general part of a criminal law`s act, that formed integrity with particular sanctions of certain articles of such act. Conclusion: The question of the evolution of sanctions in the criminal law of Russia of the XVIII - the beginning of the XX cc. is not sufficiently represented in scientific investigations of criminal law and history of state and law. That is why the approach to historical aspects of such question gives the opportunity to look at the sanctions of the contemporary criminal law from the different angle of vision, and escape the errors made by the legislator in the past.

Berestennikov A.G., (2016), THE EVOLUTION OF SANCTIONS IN THE CRIMINAL LAW OF RUSSIA OF THE XVIII - THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CC.: FROM THE PRINCIPLE OF UNCERTAINTY TO THE PRINCIPLE OF EXHAUSTIVE REGULATION. Gaps in Russian Legislation, 2 => 66-71.

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criminal law, sanctions, the uncertainty principle, the principle of comprehensive statutory regulation of, legal technology, editorial style.