Features of the Implementation of International Obligations in the Sphere of Ensuring Peace and Security of Humanity in Russian Criminal Law: De Lege Lata and de Lege Ferenda
( Pp. 54-63)
More about authors
Lobach Dmitry V.
Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor; associate professor, Department of Theory and History of State and Law
Far Eastern Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation
Vladivostok, Russian Federation
Far Eastern Law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation
Vladivostok, Russian Federation
Abstract:
The purpose of this article is to determine the nature of criminal regulation of relations constituting international peace and human security in Russian criminal law, taking into account historical, political, international legal, and doctrinal factors that determine the direction of criminal law policy today. This article aims to identify the shortcomings and gaps in such regulation, and subsequently substantiate the need to modernize the legal norms in Russian criminal law establishing liability for socially dangerous acts, which constitute the core crimes group of crimes in modern international law. The article substantiates the conclusion that the implementation of international obligations in the fight against socially dangerous acts of concern to the entire international community (aggression, genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity) is incomplete and incomplete, which is dictated by the specific nature of such obligations. The main shortcomings of Russian criminal law norms on international crimes are highlighted: the Nuremberg model of crimes against peace, which forms the basis of Article 353 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, does not reflect sufficient clarity of its content, and the broad nature of the norm on war crimes, which essentially refers to the entire normative system of international humanitarian law, creates difficulties in understanding the parameters of its application. While recognizing the need to criminalize inhumane acts that constitute the concept of “crimes against humanity” in modern international law, the author argues for the difficulty of understanding an element of state policy for inclusion in a national norm and the need to take into account the principles of legal policy, the specifics of legal technique, and legal culture as a whole.
How to Cite:
Lobach, D.V. (2026). Features of the implementation of international obligations in the sphere of ensuring peace and security of humanity in Russian criminal law: De lege lata and de lege ferenda. Lobbying in the Legislative Process, 5(2), 54–63. DOI: 10.33693/2782-7372-2026-5-2-54-63. EDN: SRFFBL
Reference list:
Bogush G.I., Esakov G.A., Rusinova V.N. International crimes: A model of implementation into Russian criminal legislation: Monograph. Moscow: Prospekt, 2017. 176 p. ISBN: 978-5-392-25346-3.
Dzeitova R.B. The basis of individual criminal responsibility for the crime of aggression. Abstract of dis. ... of Cand. Sci. (Law). Moscow, 2024. 252 p. EDN: RLPCZO.
Kibalnik A.G., Nevsky R.E. Crimes against humanity: The prospect of criminalization in Russian criminal law. Monograph. Moscow: Yurlitnform, 2024. 183 p. (Criminal law). ISBN: 978-5-4396-2581-9. EDN: CKICZB.
Kurnosova T.I. Implementation of international legal norms on war crimes and crimes against humanity in Russian criminal legislation. Abstract of dis. ... of Cand. Sci. (Law). Moscow, 2016. 29 p.
Lisauskaite V.V. Additional protocols to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 as a source of interpretation of war crimes under Article 356 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Bulletin of the Kazan Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2024. Vol. 15. No. 1 (55). Pp. 101–110. (In Rus.). DOI: 10.37973/KUI.2024.43.10.011. EDN: WYVMFU.
Lobach D.V. On the prospects of criminalizing inhumane acts constituting the concept of “Crimes against Humanity” in Russian criminal legislation. Legal Policy and Legal Life. 2019. No. 3. Pp. 115–123. (In Rus.). EDN: UPPHPI.
Lobach D.V. Crimes against peace: Criminal law research. Monograph. A.I. Korobeyev (ed.). Ussuriysk: Far Eastern Federal University of Finance (Ussuriysk branch), 2013. 208 p. ISBN: 978-5-7444-2908-9. EDN: XCZBDX.
Medvedev D.A. Lost illusions, or How the International Criminal Court became a legal nonentity. Jurisprudence. 2025. Vol. 69. No. 1. Pp. 3–23. DOI: 10.21638/spbu25.2025.101.
Pudovochkin Yu.E. Documents of the Nuremberg, Tokyo and Khabarovsk tribunals in the context of the doctrine of the sources of criminal law: Nature, meaning, application. In: Institutional foundations of criminal law of the Russian Federation: On the 70th Anniversary of Professor V.P. Konyakhin. Collection of materials from the international scientific and practical conference (Krasnodar, February 1–2, 2024). Krasnodar: Kuban State University, 2024. Pp. 143–153. EDN: APIUOA.
Rodionova T.A. International legal acts of the United Nations as a source of influence on Russian criminal legislation. Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University. 2011. No. 19 (234). Pp. 94–100. (In Rus.). EDN: OPIILD
Yanovsky M.V. Legal force of General Assembly resolutions and the UN Charter. Soviet State and Law. 1965. No. 9. Pp. 120–124. (In Rus.)
Cassese A., Gaeta P., Baig L. et al. Cassese’s international criminal law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2013. 414 p. ISBN: 978-0-19-969492-1. DOI: 10.1093/he/9780199694921.001.0001.
Evans T.D. At war with the robots: Autonomous weapon systems and the Martens clause. Hofstra Law Review. 2012. № 41. Pp. 697–733.
Özsu U. Genocide as fact and form. Journal of Genocide Research. 2020. Vol. 22. Issue 1. Pp. 62–71. DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2019.1682283.
Stannard D. Three responses to “Can There be Genocide Without the Intent to Commit Genocide?”. Journal of Genocide Research. 2008. Vol. 10. Issue 1. Pp. 111–133.
Dzeitova R.B. The basis of individual criminal responsibility for the crime of aggression. Abstract of dis. ... of Cand. Sci. (Law). Moscow, 2024. 252 p. EDN: RLPCZO.
Kibalnik A.G., Nevsky R.E. Crimes against humanity: The prospect of criminalization in Russian criminal law. Monograph. Moscow: Yurlitnform, 2024. 183 p. (Criminal law). ISBN: 978-5-4396-2581-9. EDN: CKICZB.
Kurnosova T.I. Implementation of international legal norms on war crimes and crimes against humanity in Russian criminal legislation. Abstract of dis. ... of Cand. Sci. (Law). Moscow, 2016. 29 p.
Lisauskaite V.V. Additional protocols to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 as a source of interpretation of war crimes under Article 356 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Bulletin of the Kazan Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2024. Vol. 15. No. 1 (55). Pp. 101–110. (In Rus.). DOI: 10.37973/KUI.2024.43.10.011. EDN: WYVMFU.
Lobach D.V. On the prospects of criminalizing inhumane acts constituting the concept of “Crimes against Humanity” in Russian criminal legislation. Legal Policy and Legal Life. 2019. No. 3. Pp. 115–123. (In Rus.). EDN: UPPHPI.
Lobach D.V. Crimes against peace: Criminal law research. Monograph. A.I. Korobeyev (ed.). Ussuriysk: Far Eastern Federal University of Finance (Ussuriysk branch), 2013. 208 p. ISBN: 978-5-7444-2908-9. EDN: XCZBDX.
Medvedev D.A. Lost illusions, or How the International Criminal Court became a legal nonentity. Jurisprudence. 2025. Vol. 69. No. 1. Pp. 3–23. DOI: 10.21638/spbu25.2025.101.
Pudovochkin Yu.E. Documents of the Nuremberg, Tokyo and Khabarovsk tribunals in the context of the doctrine of the sources of criminal law: Nature, meaning, application. In: Institutional foundations of criminal law of the Russian Federation: On the 70th Anniversary of Professor V.P. Konyakhin. Collection of materials from the international scientific and practical conference (Krasnodar, February 1–2, 2024). Krasnodar: Kuban State University, 2024. Pp. 143–153. EDN: APIUOA.
Rodionova T.A. International legal acts of the United Nations as a source of influence on Russian criminal legislation. Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University. 2011. No. 19 (234). Pp. 94–100. (In Rus.). EDN: OPIILD
Yanovsky M.V. Legal force of General Assembly resolutions and the UN Charter. Soviet State and Law. 1965. No. 9. Pp. 120–124. (In Rus.)
Cassese A., Gaeta P., Baig L. et al. Cassese’s international criminal law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2013. 414 p. ISBN: 978-0-19-969492-1. DOI: 10.1093/he/9780199694921.001.0001.
Evans T.D. At war with the robots: Autonomous weapon systems and the Martens clause. Hofstra Law Review. 2012. № 41. Pp. 697–733.
Özsu U. Genocide as fact and form. Journal of Genocide Research. 2020. Vol. 22. Issue 1. Pp. 62–71. DOI: 10.1080/14623528.2019.1682283.
Stannard D. Three responses to “Can There be Genocide Without the Intent to Commit Genocide?”. Journal of Genocide Research. 2008. Vol. 10. Issue 1. Pp. 111–133.
Keywords:
crimes against peace, international crimes, war crimes, aggression.
