The J.R.R. Tolkien’s myth in the counterculture outlooks in the west society of 1960-1970s years
( Pp. 124-133)
More about authors
Pavel A. Dombrovskiy
Junior researcher, teacher; , Postgraduate student, Faculty of Historical and Political Science
Institute of Education; Tomsk State University
Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation; Tomsk, Russian Federation Khazano Oleg V. kandidat istoricheskih nauk, docent, docent kafedry vostokovedeniya
National Research Tomsk State University
Institute of Education; Tomsk State University
Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation; Tomsk, Russian Federation Khazano Oleg V. kandidat istoricheskih nauk, docent, docent kafedry vostokovedeniya
National Research Tomsk State University
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the researching of the
J.R.R. Tolkien’s (British writer and linguist) influence on the outlook of
counterculture movements in 1960-1970s years. The west countries’ history of
that period describes a developing of the youth protest activity and the
promoting of the trilogy «The Lords of the Rings», which became the most
important embodiment of J.R.R. Tolkien’s mythology. As the result, the
creativity of British writer became as the fantastic allusion to the modern and
recent historical problems of society, such as the USA campaign in Vietnam,
world wars, consumption cult, the harm to the environment, the fight for civil rights,
etc. The purpose of this article is to identify the role of J.R.R. Tolkien’s
myth in the ideological forming of youth movements of the mentioned time period
in the USA and West Europe of 1960-1970s years. Through the prism of that
interaction authors reconstruct a layer of counterculture mythology with the
merging of Tolkinism (the writer’s creativity and outlook) and protest ideas
inside the original awareness. The result of this process is in the appearance
of the new youth movements’ ideological aspects, reflected in slogans, sings
and street art of the pointed time period. The embodiment of the young
generation’s protest activity with fictional heroes and events in Tolkien’s
Middle-Earth has the main role in such aspects. However, today there is lack of
the researching of that problem. Authors of the article suggest to look at the
counterculture’s history in west countries through the prism of the pointed
synthesis as the one of basically elements in the formation of modern mass
culture and subculture layer.
How to Cite:
Pavel A.D., Khazano O.V., (2020), THE J.R.R. TOLKIEN’S MYTH IN THE COUNTERCULTURE OUTLOOKS IN THE WEST SOCIETY OF 1960-1970S YEARS. History and Modern Perspectives, 3 => 124-133.
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Gruzdeva E., Kalmykova V. KHobbit: put v Rossiyu. CHitatel skaya sud ba Vlastelina kolets M.: Sovpadenie, 2012. 208 s.
Dombrovskiy P. A. Bitva pri Somme kak prototip skazaniya O Tuore i padenii Gondolina v Sil marillione Dzh. R.R. Tolkina // Istoriya i politika v iskusstve: materialy III Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii dlya shkol nikov, studentov i aspirantov. Krasnoyarsk, 2019. Vyp. 3. S. 10-12.
Dombrovskiy P. A. Mifologiya Dzh. R.R. Tolkina v kontekste molodezhnoy kontrkul tury Zapadnoy Evropy v 1960-1970-e gody // Istoriya mirovykh tsivilizatsiy. Obshchestvennye protsessy v antropologicheskom izmerenii: sbornik materialov XIV Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii s mezh-dunarodnym uchastiem. Krasnoyarsk, 2019. Vyp. 14. S. 128-130.
Kabakov R. Tvorchestvo Dzh. R.R. Tolkina kak literaturovedcheskaya problema Elektronnyy resurs . URL: http://www.kulichki.com/tolkien/arhiv/manuscr/kabako97.shtml 1 (data obrashcheniya: 11.12.2019).
Karpenter KH. Dzhon R.R. Tolkin: Biografiya. M.: EKSMO-Press, 2002. 426 s.
Korolev K. Tolkien i ego mir: Entsiklopediya. M.: LOKID-PRESS, 2005. 494 s.
Kurlanski M. 1968. God, kotoryy vstryakhnul mir Elektronnyy resurs . URL: https://royallib.com /book/kurlanski mark/1968 god kotoriy vstryahnul mir.html (data obrashcheniya: 20.12.2019).
Matyuzhina V. M. Izuchenie fenomena subkul tur v kontekste mezhdistsiplinarnykh podkhodov // Voprosy istorii, mezhdunarodnykh otnosheniy i dokumentovedeniya : sbornik materialov Rossiyskoy molodezhnoy nauchnoy konferentsii. Tomsk, 2011. Vyp. 7. S. 145-146.
Perevod teksta pesni Misty Mountain Hop ispolnitelya (gruppy) Led Zeppelin Elektronnyy resurs // Lingvo-laboratoriya Amal gama . URL:https://www.amalgama-lab.com/songs/l/led zeppelin/misty mountain hop.html (data obrashcheniya: 02.04.2020).
Perevod teksta pesni Ramble On ispolnitelya (gruppy) Led Zeppelin Elektronnyy resurs // Lingvo-laboratoriya Amal gama . URL: https://www.amalgama-lab.com/songs /l/led zeppelin/ramble on.html (data obrashcheniya: 02.04.2020).
Perevod teksta pesni The Gnome ispolnitelya (gruppy) Pink Floyd Elektronnyy resurs // Lingvo-laboratoriya Amal gama . URL: https://www.amalgama-lab.com/songs/ p/pink floyd/the gnome.html (data obrashcheniya: 02.04.2020).
Perevod teksta pesni The Wizzard ispolnitelya (gruppy) Black Sabbath Elektronnyy resurs // Lingvo- laboratoriya Amal gama . URL: https://www.amalgama-lab.com/songs/b/black sabbath/the wizard.html (data obrashcheniya: 02.04.2020).
Roshak T. Istoki kontrkul tury. M.: AST, 2014. 384 s.
Stivens Dzh. K. SHturmuya nebesa: LSD i amerikanskaya mechta. M.: Ul tra. Kul tura, 2003. 553 s.
Sultanova M. A. Filosofiya kontrkul tury Teodora Rozzaka. M.: IFRAN, 2009. 176 s.
Tekst pesni Necromancer ispolnitelya (gruppy) Rush Elektronnyy resurs // Genius.com. URL: https://genius.com /Rush-the-necromancer-lyrics (data obrashcheniya: 02.04.2020).
Tekst pesni Rivendell ispolnitelya (gruppy) Rush Elektronnyy resurs // Genius.com. URL: https://genius.com/Rush-rivendell-lyrics (data obrashcheniya: 02.04.2020).
Tekst pesni Stagnation ispolnitelya (gruppy) Genesis Elektronnyy resurs // Genius.com. URL: https://genius.com/Genesis-stagnation-lyrics (data obrashcheniya: 02.04.2020).
Tolkin Dzh. R. R. Vlastelin kolets : trilogiya . M.: Izdatel stvo AST, 2019. 1696 s.
Tolkin Dzh. R. R. Sil marillion. M.: Izdatel stvo AST, 2017. 416 s.
Tolkin Dzh. R. R. KHobbit, ili Tuda i Obratno // Tolkin D.R.R. List raboty Melkina i drugie volshebnye skazki. M.: RIF, 1992. S. 3-173.
Tolkin Dzh. R. R. CHudovishcha i kritiki. M.: Izdatel stvo AST, 2018. 416 s.
Tolkin K. Pis ma. Elektronnyy resurs / Pod red. KH. Karentera. URL: https://predanie.ru/book/216922-pisma/ (data obrashcheniya: 12.09.2019).
Uayt M. Dzhon R. R. Tolkien. Biografiya. M.: Eksmo, 2002. 320 s.
Middle-EarthMinstrel. EssaysonMusicinTolkien / Ed. ByBradford L. E. Jefferson, North Carolina : McFarland Company, Inc. 2010. 207 p.
Rosebury B. Tolkien: A critical assessment. London : MACMILLAN PRESS LTD. 1992. 167 p.
Sammons M. C. War of fantasy worlds. Santa Barbara, California : ABC-CLIO, LLC. 2010. 257 p.
Tolkien s modern Middle ages / Ed. by Chance J., Siewers A.K. New York : PALGRAVE MACMILLAN. 2009. 251 p.
Wood R. C. Good and Evil in Tolkien s Writings Elektronnyyresurs . URL: https://baylor.app.box.com /v/RalphWoodOnJRRTolkien/file/436837693968 (data obrashcheniya: 28.03.2020).
Wood R. C. Tolkien s Lord of the Rings: A Christian Classic Revisited Elektronnyyresurs . URL: http://www.leaderu.com /humanities/wood-classic.html (data obrashcheniya: 10.04.2020).
Keywords:
J.R.R. Tolkien, mythmaking, counterculture, subculture, world vision, synthesis.
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