ABOUT THE NEW CONCEPT OF THE THEORY OF HISTORY IN THE BOOK OF G. GERASIMOV “THE IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE HISTORY OF RUSSIA (mid XIX - early XX centuries)”
( Pp. 23-29)
More about authors
Lichman Boris V.
doktor istoricheskih nauk, professor, zav. kafedroy istoricheskih disciplin Uralskogo instituta ekonomiki, upravleniya i prava, Zasluzhennyy rabotnik Vysshey shkoly RF, chlen Nauchno-metodicheskogo soveta po istorii ministerstva obrazovaniya i nauki RF, prorektor Uralskogo instituta ekonomiki, upravleniya i prava, professor kafedry teorii i istorii mezhdunarodnyh otnosheniy departamenta mezhdunarodnyh otnosheniy Uralskogo gumanitarnogo instituta Uralskogo federalnogo universiteta im. B.N. Elcina
Ural Federal University named after B.N. Yeltsin
Ural Federal University named after B.N. Yeltsin
Abstract:
In the book of Gerasimov G. for the first time in the national historiography, events of the history of Russia of the XIX - beginning of the XX are considered as the result of a change in the outlook of the Russian society. The author proposes a new theory of history - the ideological theory of history. The main thing in the new theory of history is that any historical action is first created in the human mind and then carried out in reality. The idea precedes the action in time. Material conditions favour or impede the realization of ideas, but do not predetermine their content. An important role in the idealistic approach is played by the worldview, which is interpreted by the author as a system of hierarchical ideas that determine the values - of a given culture and society. On this theoretical and methodological foundation, a serious bid has been made for the creation of a full-fledged original historical concept, moreover, reasonable and thoroughly elaborated. However, it must be admitted that the section of the methodology is the least logical and understandable, and therefore needs to be improved.The author proceeds from the fact that ideological ideas, at least rationalistic ones, are created by the free creativity of the human mind, which means that history does not have a natural development, which is entirely determined by human creativity. The author views the development of Russian history through the lens of a change of ideologies: mythological, Orthodox, and rationalistic, first in the form of communism, and later of liberalism.From the standpoint of an idealistic approach, the history of Russia is a process of human creativity. The author believes that the proposed theory of history makes it possible to consistently explain the development of the economy, society, and the political sphere in the period under review, to understand the causes of reforms and revolutions, the fall of the autocracy, the victory of the Bolsheviks, etc. The methodology of analyzing and interpreting its results when considering all these areas by theory.The application of an idealistic approach to concrete historical material shows that history is a struggle of intellects, a struggle of ideas, and in any area of human life the society that creates the best and most effective ideas achieves the greatest achievements.The undoubted advantage of an idealistic approach is its tolerance to historical events and characters. It follows from the position that the actions of people are not based on their evil or goodwill, but on ideas that correspond to the dominant worldview and flow from it.However, along with the undoubted achievements, there are controversial points that need to be improved. These include: the causes of historical creativity, the rationale and application of the method of understanding, the problem is true and the objectivity of historical research and some others.In general, despite the shortcomings, the first experience of the idealistic history of Russia can be considered successful.
How to Cite:
Lichman B.V., (2019), ABOUT THE NEW CONCEPT OF THE THEORY OF HISTORY IN THE BOOK OF G. GERASIMOV “THE IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE HISTORY OF RUSSIA (MID XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES)”. History and Modern Perspectives, 2 => 23-29.
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Gerasimov G.I. Idealisticheskiy podkhod k istorii // Istoricheskiy zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya. 2017. № 5. S. 21-36. Gerasimov G.I. Idealistic approach in history. Istoricheskij zhurnal: nauchny e issledovaniya. 2017. № 5. R. 21-36.
Gerasimov G.I. Idei kak osnova noosfery i chelovecheskoy istorii // Noosfernye issledovaniya. 2017. Vyp. 2 (18). S. 50-62. Gerasimov G.I. Ideas as the basis of the noosphere and human history. Noosferny e issledovaniya. 2017. Issue 2 (18). P. 50-62. URL: http://glonoos.com/wpcontent/uploads/Gerasimov NI 2017 2.pdf (data obrashcheniya: 10.03.2019).
Gerasimov G.I. Istoriya i mirovozzrenie // Sotsial no-politicheskie nauki. 2017. № 4. S. 160-163. Gerasimov G.I. History and ideology. Social no-politicheskie nauki. 2017. № 4. P. 160-163.
Gerasimov G.I. Istoriya, sozdayushchaya proshloe // Sotsial no-politicheskie nauki. 2017. № 6. S. 140-144. Gerasimov G.I. History that creates the past. Social no-politicheskie nauki. 2017. № 6. P. 140-144.
Gerasimov G.I. Vzglyad na istoricheskiy istochnik s pozitsiy idealizma // Istoriya. Istoriki. Istochniki. 2018. № 1. Gerasimov G.I. A look at the historical source from the standpoint of idealism. Istoriya. Istoriki. Istochniki. 2018. № 1. URL: history2014.esrae.ru/18-162 (data obrashcheniya: 10.03.2019).
Gerasimov G.I. Proshloe kak ob ekt istorii // Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. 2017. № 10. S. 1-19. Gerasimov G.I. The past as an object of history. Genesis: istoricheskie issledovaniya. 2017. № 10. R. 1-19.
Gerasimov G. Idealisticheskiy podkhod k istorii: Osnovy teorii / Grigoriy Gerasimov b.m. : Izdatel skie resheniya, 2018. 184 s. Gerasimov G. Idealistic approach to history: Fundamentals of the theory / Grigorij Gerasimov b.m. : Izdatel skie resheniya, 2018. 184 r.
Gerasimov G.I. Mirovozzrencheskie osnovy istorii Rossii (seredina XIX - nachalo XX vv.) / G.I. Gerasimov. Tula: Tretiy put , 2019. 528 s. Gerasimov G.I. The ideological foundations of the history of Russia (mid XIX - early XX) / G.I. Gerasimov. Tula: Tretij put , 2019. 528 r.
Gerasimov G.I. Sub ekt istorii i istochnik istoricheskogo razvitiya // Istoriya. Istoriki. Istochniki. № 4. Gerasimov G.I. The subject of history and the source of historical development. Istoriya. Istoriki. Istochniki. № 4. URL: http://history2014.esrae.ru/17-153 (data obrashcheniya: 10.03.2019).
Idealisticheskiy podkhod k istorii. Sayt istorika G.I. Gerasimova. Idealistic approach to history. Website historian G.I. Gerasimov. URL: http://idealistic-history.ru/ (data obrashcheniya: 10.03.2019).
Kirill, patriarkh. Patriarshaya propoved v prazdnik Kazanskoy ikony Bozhiey Materi posle Liturgii v Uspenskom sobore Moskovskogo Kremlya. 4 noyabrya 2017 g. Kirill, Patriarch. Patriarchal sermon on the feast of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God after the Liturgy in the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. November 4, 2017. URL: http://www.patriarchia.ru/db/text/5054963.html
Mizes L. Teoriya i istoriya : interpretatsiya sotsial no-ekonomicheskoy evolyutsii: per. s angl. / L. Mizes, pod red. prof. A.G. Gryaznovoy. M., 2001. Mizes L. Theory and History: Interpretation of Socio-Economic Evolution.
