To a discussion about the interpretation of the past. Is the historical process determinism or synergetics?
( Pp. 18-23)

The purpose of this article is to answer the question of how to explain the past. Is there one explanation for the past, or are there many? Should the past be explained in a causal relationship or without it? What is the reason or reasons of historical events? What determines the course of history? Since ancient times, historians have tried to uncover the mechanism of historical development. To determine the determinant is the goal of this development. Different concepts were put forward. The disadvantage of all concepts is monocausality. Their representatives sought to find one goal that defines the development of society. The presence of a large number of determinants-goals caused the presence of different concepts of explaining the past. This article lists these concepts. Do we need these concepts for history? A person's life is determined by a huge set of determinants-goals, external and internal. Any external or internal action or influence of the environment can become a determinant. Human society is a constantly changing organism. History has always been characterized by the action of numerous determinants-factors, a set of cause-and-effect relationships and dependencies, and the ratio of these factors is constantly changing in each specific situation. In history, there is no such goal - factor that would be the only and final basis for its development. History is a product of the interaction of factors, in which cause and effect change places: the effect has the opposite effect on the cause and in turn becomes the cause of something new. Therefore, a multi-factor approach to history, rather than monocausality, is the only rational way to study it. Nowadays, there is more and more talk about the formation of a new scientific paradigm - synergetics. Synergetics-the doctrine of self-organization, the universal laws of evolution of complex dynamic systems that undergo sharp changes in States during periods of instability. Synergetics can also be used in the study of processes occurring in society. Currently, the methodology of a new science is being developed. Time will tell whether it will be able to assert its rights. Perhaps this century will see the emergence of a new meta-science that combines humanitarian and natural science knowledge.

Martushov L.N., (2020), TO A DISCUSSION ABOUT THE INTERPRETATION OF THE PAST. IS THE HISTORICAL PROCESS DETERMINISM OR SYNERGETICS?. History and Modern Perspectives, 1 => 18-23.

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goal, determinants of historical development, multi-factority, system approach, synergetic paradigm.